Acne Vulgaris

The pilosebaceous unit is made up of a hair follicle and its attached sebaceous, or oil-producing, gland. These units are concentrated on the face, chest and back, which is why acne appears predominantly in these areas.

Four interrelated processes: excess sebum production (hormonal, particularly androgens), follicular hyperkeratinization (skin cells building up and blocking the follicle), bacterial proliferation (Cutibacterium acnes multiplying in the blocked, oxygen-poor environment), and inflammation (the immune response producing redness and swelling).

Mild is primarily comedonal (blackheads and whiteheads). Moderate adds papules and pustules to comedones. Severe is nodulocystic, deeper and more painful, with a higher scarring risk.

Retinoids normalize follicular keratinization at the source. Benzoyl peroxide reduces bacteria. Antibiotics add anti-inflammatory and antibacterial action for a defined period. Hormonal treatment applies when there's a clear hormonal driver. Reactive spot-treating rarely changes the underlying pattern.

Formulated with Tretinoin Gel USP 0.025%, the clinical gold standard, delivered via microsphere technology for controlled, sustained release. It unclogs pores and improves texture while limiting the typical retinoid irritation.

Moderate-to-severe acne, acne not improving after consistent treatment, or any early scarring should be evaluated by a dermatologist.